Ø Climax ecosystem – An ecosystem that
has reached its peak/maturity e.g. Tropical coral reef will not evolve into
another ecosystem but will be stable
Ø Fire climax ecosystem – needs fire to
survive
- Redwood trees are fire resistant due to their cones needing fire to
break open
- if you supress the fire, the ecosystem changes
Ø Buffalo/ Bison were animals all
killed due to sport after civil war in 1965
Ø Once the buffalo and prairie was
gotten rid of what it was – an industrial agriculture
Ø Range war was the end to ‘open
ranges’. This was stopped due to barbed wire, they would fence large amounts of
their territory – had livestock within the fences
Ø Chicago was the major cattle slaughter
house in 19th century
Ø Relationship on capital and time
effected how we see distance
Ø Gateway because of infrastructure and
markets and centre for large scale whole sale trade (wood, steel, grain and
meat)
Ø Also became a gateway for finance and
retail trade
Ø Producer services, economic stock
markets, bankers, lawyers etc. insurance and real estate
Ø These services allowed it to grow and
evolve – generating most profit – sector driving most urban growth
Ø Important gateway for capital
Ø Gateways cities started to become
more interconnected. The flow of global society
Ø Chicago was the first outdoor light
installation exhibition
Ø To change the mind, change the image
Ø Institution more than mirror
organisation – underneath has values (traditions) eg. Vatican.
Ø Those norms propagated through
images. Those images need to be changed if to change the institution.
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